Personal Rover

The Personal Exploration Rover (PER) landed on earth back in 2004 when the NASA’s Mars Exploration Rovers began to land and explore Mars. And I want one; shame it costs $8000! (Click on the images to get a better view).


Personal Rover 1


Personal Rover 2

According to the Personal Rover website, you can hone your skills as a space scientist by using PER to look for signs of life in each rover’s Mars Yard home. The rover’s camera is mounted on a specially designed head that can create a panoramic image and can also detect obstacles using an optical rangefinder. Once you have downloaded a panorama from PER, you can choose a rock for science testing, then estimate rover heading and distance to reach the rock.


Personal Rover 3


Personal Rover 4

Next, it is the rover’s turn. It will autonomously traverse the Mars Yard following your directions safely while continually checking for unexpected obstacles enroute. After reaching the goal location, PER scans the nearby area and autonomously locates then approaches the target rock. Finally, PER illuminates the rock with ultraviolet light to look for signs of organofluorescence, providing the mission scientist with science data.

The guys and gals at NASA, Ames Intelligent Systems and to Intel Corp. have open-sourced all the code and made it available to all who want to have a play.

External Links:

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~personalrover/PER/index.html

http://www.terk.ri.cmu.edu/

Bob, the Breathing Observation Bubble

Looking like something out of a James Bond movie the ‘BOB‘ is a personal underwater scooter which replaces scuba gear. The pilot sits on a seat under which ballast weights are secured, with their head inside a clear acrylic bubble which is filled with air from a storage tank. Apparently it provides a more comfortable underwater experience than breathing through a regulator. The training course can be completed in a few minutes. The craft is powered with a 35 pound thrust electric motor which providing a top speed of about 2.5 knots. The craft is navigated with a combination steering and instrument console which provides control and systems monitoring. Novices can master the controls in minutes. Shame you look like a twit riding one!

Breathing Observation Bubble

The Law of Unintended Consequences

Unintended consequences are situations where an action results in an outcome that is not (or not only) that which was intended. The unintended results may be foreseen or unforeseen, but they should are the logical or likely results of the action.

Possible causes of unintended consequences include the world’s inherent complexity (parts of a system responding to changes in the environment), perverse incentives, human stupidity, self-deception or other cognitive or emotional biases.

In the twentieth century, sociologist Robert K. Merton popularised the concept, sometimes referred to as the Law of Unforeseen Consequences. Merton listed five causes of unanticipated consequences:

  1. Ignorance. It is impossible to anticipate everything, thereby leading to incomplete analysis.
  2. Error. Incorrect analysis of the problem, or following habits that worked in the past but may not apply to the current situation.
  3. Immediate interest, which may override long-term interests.
  4. Basic values may require or prohibit certain actions, even if the long-term result might be unfavorable. These long-term consequences may eventually cause changes in basic values.
  5. Self-defeating prophecy. Fear of some consequence drives people to find solutions before the problem occurs, thus the non-occurrence of the problem is unanticipated.

Of course, unintended consequences are not only common in everyday life, but also features, amongst a multitude of others, the World Wide Web (‘the Web’).

Many users know that Sir Tim Berners-Lee developed the web at the CERN physics laboratory near Geneva. In August 1991, Berners-Lee created the first website as a means by which physicists trawl through the 200,000 abstracts more easily than ever before. But, though physicists were being won over by the web’s promise, in the early years few others grasped its potential.

Not even Berners-Lee could have forseen how the Web was to take off and come to dominate the world. The original concept was for a medium that people both read and contributed to, a rewritable web. New tools such as photo-sharing sites, social networks, blogs, wikis and others are making good on that early promise.

The journey has not been with out its problems. The browser wars threatened the very existence of, and access to, the Web. The establishment of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has become a strong ‘directional’ force, but government regulation and the threat over net neutrality are a significant stumbling block. The free (relatively speaking) ubiquitous platform of the Web, where anyone can publish content, create a business opportunity and make money has also promoted the unintended consequence of being a great distribution platform for viruses, spam and porn; the bane of every ‘connected’ user’s existence.

The web may be worldwide but it is only just getting started.

Online Payment Processors

Accepting electronic payments is essential to modern business. The UK is currently Europe’s largest ecommerce economy with two-thirds of consumers having shopped online. The power of the Internet continues to grow with 27.7 million UK adults having used the Internet in the last year. Current predictions believe that the rate of growth of Internet sales will see this channel occupy 15% of retail sales by 2010.

Payment Service Providers (PSP) offer merchants online services for accepting electronic payments by credit card or other payment methods such as payments based on online banking.

Typically, a PSP can connect to multiple acquiring banks and card networks, thereby making the merchant less dependent of financial institutions, especially when operating internationally. Furthermore, a PSP can offer reconciliation services, risk management and multi-currency functionality.

For many small businesses, selling online provides some major benefits. Customers increasingly expect this type of facility and it can improve cash flow significantly.

It’s easy to accept cheques or invoices for your online sales and to process payments in the traditional way. However, because buyers often use the Internet for a speedy service, most sales are paid for with credit and debit cards.

To accept cards online, you will have to make special banking arrangements, but this doesn’t mean you have to have a merchant service.

Payment Service Providers

Common PSPs include:

Online Payment Processors

Payment Gateway

A payment gateway is an e-commerce application service provider service that authorises payments for e-businesses, online retailers, bricks and clicks, or traditional brick and mortar. It is the equivalent of a physical Point-of-Sale (POS) terminal located in most retail outlets. Payment gateways encrypt sensitive information, such as credit card numbers, to ensure that information passes securely between the customer and the merchant.

How Payment Gateways Work

A payment gateway facilitates the transfer of information between a payment portal, such as a website or Interactive Voice Response (IVR) service, and the Front End Processor or acquiring bank, quickly and securely.

When a customer orders a product from a payment gateway enabled merchant, the payment gateway performs a variety of tasks to process the transaction, completely invisible to the customer.

For example:

  • A customer places order on website by pressing the Submit Order or equivalent button, or perhaps they enter their card details using an automatic phone answering service.
  • If the order is via a website, the customer’s web browser encrypts the information to be sent between their browser and the merchant’s web server. This is usually done via Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption.
  • The merchant then forwards the transaction details through to their payment gateway, which holds the detail of their merchant account transaction. This is often another SSL encrypted connection to the payment server hosted by the payment gateway.
  • The payment gateway, which receives the transaction information from the merchant, forwards it to the merchant’s acquiring bank.
  • The acquiring bank then forwards the transaction information to the issuing bank (the bank that issued the credit card to the customer) for authorisation.
  • The card-issuing bank receives the authorisation request and sends a response back to the payment gateway (via the acquiring bank) with a response code. In addition to determining the fate of the payment, (i.e. approved or declined) the response code is used to define the reason why the transaction failed (such as insufficient funds, or bank link not available).
  • The payment gateway receives the response, and forwards it on to the website (or whatever interface was used to process the payment) where it is interpreted and a relevant response then relayed back to the customer.
  • The entire process typically takes 3-4 seconds.
  • At the end of the bank-day (or settlement period) the acquiring bank deposits the total of the approved funds in to the merchant’s nominated account. This could be an account with the acquiring bank if the merchant does their banking with the same bank, or a suspense account with another bank.

External Links

Segway Concept Centaur

Segway Centaur SketchIt was Segway that brought us those interesting, two-wheeled moving platforms that were dubbed the future, but never really caught on, except in sci-fi films. Those two-wheeled contraptions that were impossible to fall off, unless of course your name is George W. Bush (but then he did nearly choke on a pretzle so what do you expect!). Anyway, back to the Centaur. A cross between a bicycle and a 4×4 vehicle, the Segway Centaur Concept can carry one or two people at speeds of up to a megre 20mph. Like its predecessor, the i2 Personal Transporter, riding it is supposed to be just as simple. Lean forward and you move forward, lean back and you slow down. Only now there are four wheels so you can’t really fall off (queue George W.).

Unfortunately it is still just a concept, but here is an image to wet your appetite:

Segway Centaur

According to Segway…

“The Concept Centaur combines proprietary dynamic stabilization technology with advanced propulsion and suspension systems, and an intuitive user interface to create a unique four-wheel device that is easily controllable on two or four wheels. Its full suspension and aggressive rider positioning provide an exhilarating ride for one or two people while maintaining control over a variety of terrain. Its rugged performance, zero emissions, and quiet operation make it a good low-impact way to explore the world. Its power and versatility make it suitable for a variety of indoor and outdoor recreational and commercial applications.”

You can find more of the corporate speak on the Segway website: http://www.segway.com/products/centaur/

Pumpabike Human Hydrofoil

Pumpabike In Use This human-powered hydrofoil is a cross between a jet ski and a pogo-stick. With no motors, engines or propellers, you simply jump up and down on the platform at the rear, whilst holding on a set of handle bars, a.k.a. a steering column at the front. The bouncing generates forward motion and lift to keep you out of the water due to two submerged hydrofoils. Providing that the hydrofoils are moving forward they will alternate between producing forward thrust and lift as the rider bounces. Sounds good? There is always a catch. If you stop bouncing you get wet! This doesn’t sound like too much of an issue, but if you’re dragging one of these contraptions behind you, to get back to shore and start again, it will feel like you’re doing your gold swimming medal or life guard exam. But then the contraption looks fun, so lets not put too much of a downer on it.

Here is a decent shot of it:

Pumpabike

You can pick one of these up for about £500 … a playboy’s toy.

Head over to the makers website to get more info: http://www.pumpabike.co.uk/